{"id":58755,"date":"2021-10-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-27T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/llyc.global\/2021\/10\/28\/acelerar-a-transicao-energetica-aproveitar-o-impulso-dos-fundos-europeus\/"},"modified":"2023-10-27T09:05:51","modified_gmt":"2023-10-27T07:05:51","slug":"acelerar-a-transicao-energetica-aproveitar-o-impulso-dos-fundos-europeus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/llyc.global\/pt-pt\/ideas\/acelerar-a-transicao-energetica-aproveitar-o-impulso-dos-fundos-europeus\/","title":{"rendered":"Acelerar a Transi\u00e7\u00e3o Energ\u00e9tica: aproveitar o impulso dos fundos europeus"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ inner_width=”auto” inner_max_width=”none”][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ custom_padding__hover=”|||” custom_padding=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”INTRO ” _builder_version=”4.4.8″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_vertical_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_blur_strength=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_vertical_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_blur_strength=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ z_index_tablet=”0″]<\/p>\n

Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

A evolu\u00e7\u00e3o da humanidade est\u00e1 intimamente relacionada com as transi\u00e7\u00f5es energ\u00e9ticas. Durante s\u00e9culos, esta transi\u00e7\u00e3o aconteceu de forma gradual, permitindo a ado\u00e7\u00e3o de novas fontes de energia. Contudo, o cen\u00e1rio atual de aquecimento global requer uma transi\u00e7\u00e3o acelerada ao encontro de um modelo sustent\u00e1vel, alicer\u00e7ado em fontes de energia renov\u00e1veis. Como mobilizar e alienar, de forma simult\u00e2nea, capital, incentivos, iniciativa privada e comportamentos? O avan\u00e7o decisivo da transi\u00e7\u00e3o energ\u00e9tica j\u00e1 n\u00e3o depende somente dos estados. Nem da inova\u00e7\u00e3o empresarial. Ser\u00e1 uma a\u00e7\u00e3o concertada no \u00e2mbito de objetivos comuns entre o setor p\u00fablico, o setor privado e a sociedade civil, que mobilizar\u00e1 n\u00e3o s\u00f3 os acordos necess\u00e1rios, mas tamb\u00e9m o capital necess\u00e1rio para investir e aumentar novas formas de energia que v\u00e3o restaurar a nossa confian\u00e7a no futuro. Next Generation EU \u00e9 um bom exemplo de como esta a\u00e7\u00e3o concertada, da qual depende a nossa pr\u00f3pria sobreviv\u00eancia, pode incentivar-se.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”La evoluci\u00f3n de la energ\u00eda” _builder_version=”4.4.8″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_vertical_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_blur_strength=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_vertical_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_blur_strength=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ z_index_tablet=”0″]<\/p>\n

A evolu\u00e7\u00e3o da energia<\/b><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

O dom\u00ednio da energia marca o in\u00edcio do processo de civiliza\u00e7\u00e3o e define, em grande medida, as formas como esta se organiza. A primitiva tecnologia do fogo, baseada em materiais dispon\u00edveis em abund\u00e2ncia, serviu para facilitar a exist\u00eancia de uma forma extraordin\u00e1ria e permitiu a expans\u00e3o do ser humano por todo o planeta. Desde ent\u00e3o, tanto <\/span>a atividade econ\u00f3mica quanto as manifesta\u00e7\u00f5es culturais das sociedades humanas dependem da capacidade de obten\u00e7\u00e3o da energia necess\u00e1ria para o desenvolvimento.<\/b><\/p>\n

A evolu\u00e7\u00e3o na utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da energia foi marcada pela busca cont\u00ednua de uma <\/span>maior efici\u00eancia<\/b>. Durante centenas de milhares de anos, o controlo do fogo teve poucas varia\u00e7\u00f5es t\u00e9cnicas, mas a partir do final do s\u00e9culo XVIII a gera\u00e7\u00e3o e a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da energia apresentou varia\u00e7\u00f5es muito significativas. A introdu\u00e7\u00e3o da m\u00e1quina a vapor levou ao in\u00edcio da Primeira Revolu\u00e7\u00e3o Industrial, baseada na explora\u00e7\u00e3o de um combust\u00edvel com um poder calor\u00edfico muito superior ao da madeira: o carv\u00e3o. Pouco mais de 100 anos depois, a disponibilidade em massa de um novo hidrocarboneto, o petr\u00f3leo, levou \u00e0 inven\u00e7\u00e3o do motor de explos\u00e3o, que est\u00e1 na base da Segunda Revolu\u00e7\u00e3o Industrial. A maior facilidade de transporte e utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o deste combust\u00edvel, em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com o carv\u00e3o, bem como o maior poder energ\u00e9tico, permitem a introdu\u00e7\u00e3o de enormes altera\u00e7\u00f5es na mobilidade humana, que determinar\u00e3o o aparecimento de novas formas de organiza\u00e7\u00e3o social. A introdu\u00e7\u00e3o em paralelo de outro hidrocarboneto associado ao petr\u00f3leo \u2013 o g\u00e1s \u2013, conduzir\u00e1, gra\u00e7as \u00e0s aplica\u00e7\u00f5es dom\u00e9sticas ou urbanas, ao desenvolvimento de um novo modelo de cidade.<\/span><\/p>\n

Os crit\u00e9rios de efici\u00eancia, no que respeita ao transporte e \u00e0 utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o, levar\u00e3o, por seu lado, a um r\u00e1pido desenvolvimento e a uma r\u00e1pida implementa\u00e7\u00e3o da eletricidade, que substituir\u00e1 progressivamente, ao longo do s\u00e9culo XX, a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o direta dos hidrocarbonetos no \u00e2mbito dom\u00e9stico e no urbano. A extens\u00e3o da utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da eletricidade constituir\u00e1 a base da Terceira Revolu\u00e7\u00e3o Industrial, cujas origens datam de meados do s\u00e9culo XX, mas cujo progresso se acelera a partir do \u00faltimo quarto deste s\u00e9culo. A melhoria t\u00e9cnica da capacidade de transmiss\u00e3o el\u00e9trica acaba por ter impacto na possibilidade de transmitir dados a uma velocidade cada vez maior, permitindo a passagem para a denominada Sociedade da Informa\u00e7\u00e3o. O in\u00edcio do s\u00e9culo XX representa o desenvolvimento definitivo da tecnologia das energias renov\u00e1veis, que permitem dispor de eletricidade abundante a um custo marginal zero e com um n\u00edvel de efici\u00eancia que cresce de forma exponencial, iniciando a Quarta Revolu\u00e7\u00e3o Industrial que estamos a viver.<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image _builder_version=”4.4.8″ src=”http:\/\/ideaspt.llorenteycuenca.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2021\/10\/211026_Mesa-de-trabajo-86.png” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ z_index_tablet=”0″ align=”center” \/][et_pb_image _builder_version=”4.4.8″ src=”http:\/\/ideaspt.llorenteycuenca.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2021\/10\/211026_Mesa-de-trabajo-86-1.png” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ z_index_tablet=”0″ align=”center” \/][et_pb_text admin_label=”La sostenibilidad del modelo actual” _builder_version=”4.4.8″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” 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header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ z_index_tablet=”0″]<\/p>\n

A sustentabilidade do modelo atual <\/b><\/h2>\n

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O progresso social e econ\u00f3mico causado pelo aproveitamento humano das fontes de energia, acentuado nos \u00faltimos dois s\u00e9culos, teve, contudo, efeitos prejudiciais sobre o meio-ambiente do planeta. Ao impacto ambiental provocado pela extra\u00e7\u00e3o dos combust\u00edveis, que afeta sobretudo as zonas onde esta \u00e9 realizada, une-se o causado pelo consumo de hidrocarbonetos para gerar energia, de forma direta ou por meio da eletricidade. Enquanto a revolu\u00e7\u00e3o industrial esteve circunscrita a determinadas zonas, o impacto ambiental concentrou-se nas \u00e1reas onde era causado. Com o desenvolvimento de regi\u00f5es cada vez mais amplas, sobretudo a partir de meados do s\u00e9culo XX, o impacto adquiriu uma escala global, provocando o aquecimento do planeta devido \u00e0 emiss\u00e3o cada vez maior de gases com efeito de estufa (GEE, dos quais se destaca o CO<\/span>2<\/span>), o que pode representar, se o processo n\u00e3o for travado, altera\u00e7\u00f5es irrevers\u00edveis e catastr\u00f3ficas no clima e na vida na Terra.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pouco antes da primeira grande crise do petr\u00f3leo, a comunidade internacional celebrou, em 1972, a Confer\u00eancia das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas sobre o Meio Ambiente Humano, que teve lugar em Estocolmo e que constituiu um momento decisivo para o desenvolvimento de pol\u00edticas ambientais por parte da comunidade internacional. Nas d\u00e9cadas seguintes, o impulso inicial nascido em Estocolmo foi desenvolvido em sucessivas iniciativas e confer\u00eancias que culminaram na ado\u00e7\u00e3o, em 1992, da Conven\u00e7\u00e3o sobre as Altera\u00e7\u00f5es Clim\u00e1ticas, considerada o primeiro tratado internacional cujo objetivo \u00e9 reduzir o aquecimento global, com a fixa\u00e7\u00e3o de metas vinculativas para a redu\u00e7\u00e3o de emiss\u00f5es contaminantes por parte dos pa\u00edses industrializados. No protocolo de Quioto, celebrado em 1997, estabelece-se uma m\u00e9dia de 5\u00a0% de redu\u00e7\u00e3o para o per\u00edodo 2008-2012, mas \u00e9 aplicado de forma muito d\u00edspar. Em 2015, adota-se o Acordo de Paris, o primeiro acordo mundial e legalmente vinculativo, para que o aumento da temperatura mundial se limite a dois graus, relativamente aos n\u00edveis pr\u00e9-industriais, em 2050, com um compromisso de tentar limit\u00e1-lo a 1,5\u00ba. Nos anos seguintes, a Europa lidera os esfor\u00e7os na pol\u00edtica clim\u00e1tica, quando a Uni\u00e3o Europeia assume, em 2021, o objetivo de conseguir as zero emiss\u00f5es l\u00edquidas em 2050.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

    \n
  • As altera\u00e7\u00f5es do modelo energ\u00e9tico ocorreram lentamente ao longo da hist\u00f3ria e com a coexist\u00eancia de diversas fontes de energia durante longos per\u00edodos de tempo durante os quais as antigas iam sendo substitu\u00eddas pelas novas, sempre por motivos de maior efici\u00eancia. No entanto, a situa\u00e7\u00e3o atual de emerg\u00eancia clim\u00e1tica exige uma transi\u00e7\u00e3o energ\u00e9tica acelerada, pois est\u00e1 em jogo a pr\u00f3pria sobreviv\u00eancia da esp\u00e9cie. As institui\u00e7\u00f5es europeias, a n\u00edvel comunit\u00e1rio e tamb\u00e9m em pa\u00edses como a Espanha, come\u00e7aram a dar os passos necess\u00e1rios para alinhar a pol\u00edtica energ\u00e9tica com este objetivo, ainda que existam s\u00e9rias d\u00favidas quanto \u00e0 possibilidade de cumprimento.<\/b><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

     <\/p>\n

      \n
    • O compromisso clim\u00e1tico leva \u00e0 necessidade de transformar a gera\u00e7\u00e3o de energia em sentido sustent\u00e1vel, devendo realizar-se uma transi\u00e7\u00e3o energ\u00e9tica que reduza os combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis em benef\u00edcio das energias renov\u00e1veis. A chamada \u00abTransi\u00e7\u00e3o Ecol\u00f3gica\u00bb \u00e9 formalizada pela UE no final de 2020 com o Pacto Verde (\u00abGreen Deal\u00bb), que leva \u00e0 aprova\u00e7\u00e3o de metas vinculativas para 2030 de redu\u00e7\u00e3o de emiss\u00f5es (55\u00a0%), introdu\u00e7\u00e3o de energias verdes (40\u00a0% da combina\u00e7\u00e3o energ\u00e9tica final) e efici\u00eancia energ\u00e9tica (36\u00a0% de redu\u00e7\u00e3o do consumo energ\u00e9tico final). <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

       <\/p>\n

      [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image _builder_version=”4.4.8″ src=”http:\/\/ideaspt.llorenteycuenca.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2021\/10\/211026_Mesa-de-trabajo-88.png” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ z_index_tablet=”0″ align=”center” \/][et_pb_text admin_label=”Reacci\u00f3n comparada internacional ” _builder_version=”4.4.8″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_vertical_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_blur_strength=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_vertical_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_blur_strength=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ z_index_tablet=”0″]<\/p>\n

      Rea\u00e7\u00e3o comparada internacional <\/b><\/h2>\n

       <\/p>\n

      A resposta dada pelos diferentes pa\u00edses \u00e0 situa\u00e7\u00e3o de emerg\u00eancia clim\u00e1tica em que nos encontramos variou muito e tem uma forte componente geopol\u00edtica. Durante muitos anos, a China e a \u00cdndia resistiram \u00e0 implementa\u00e7\u00e3o dos sucessivos acordos clim\u00e1ticos tendo por base a desvantagem competitiva que tal provocaria para as respetivas ind\u00fastrias num cen\u00e1rio globalizado. Os Estados Unidos tamb\u00e9m mantiveram durante anos a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o em massa de combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis, tornando-a vantajosa por meio do fraturamento hidr\u00e1ulico (<\/span>fracking<\/span><\/i>). A R\u00fassia, por seu lado, baseia a economia na explora\u00e7\u00e3o do petr\u00f3leo e do g\u00e1s, pelo que evitou sempre apoiar de forma efetiva qualquer iniciativa global que pretendesse colocar debaixo de terra a maior parte das enormes reservas com que conta.<\/span><\/p>\n

      A aposta da Uni\u00e3o Europeia nas energias renov\u00e1veis acabou por alterar o rumo da pol\u00edtica energ\u00e9tica das duas grandes pot\u00eancias mundiais, os Estados Unidos e a China, que tamb\u00e9m enfrentam um grave problema de sa\u00fade p\u00fablica para a popula\u00e7\u00e3o aut\u00f3ctone devido \u00e0 contamina\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Ainda que a vit\u00f3ria eleitoral de Joe Biden se deva, entre outros fatores, ao compromisso com uma economia mais sustent\u00e1vel no pa\u00eds, durante a fase de Donald Trump j\u00e1 tinha sido o setor privado a dar passos significativos, em algumas cidades e em alguns estados, para uma transforma\u00e7\u00e3o a favor das energias limpas. A presid\u00eancia de Biden levou \u00e0 fixa\u00e7\u00e3o de objetivos de descarboniza\u00e7\u00e3o no pa\u00eds americano (zero emiss\u00f5es do sistema el\u00e9trico para 2035 e da economia para 2050) compat\u00edveis com o Acordo de Paris, ainda que cada medida concreta para que tal aconte\u00e7a tenha de ser aprovada pelo Congresso. Por seu lado, o presidente chin\u00eas, Xi Jinping, anunciou recentemente que o pa\u00eds come\u00e7ar\u00e1 a reduzir o n\u00edvel de emiss\u00f5es GEE antes de 2030, para alcan\u00e7ar as zero emiss\u00f5es em 2060. Cumprir este objetivo representa um enorme esfor\u00e7o de instala\u00e7\u00e3o das energias renov\u00e1veis em massa, no qual a China j\u00e1 embarcou.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Em v\u00e9speras da celebra\u00e7\u00e3o de uma nova confer\u00eancia clim\u00e1tica (COP26, em Glasgow, na Esc\u00f3cia), o compromisso resultante do Acordo de Paris que ainda est\u00e1 pendente \u00e9 o de os pa\u00edses industrializados mobilizarem 100\u00a0000 milh\u00f5es de d\u00f3lares anuais entre 2020 e 2025 para ajudar os menos desenvolvidos a implementar medidas de luta contra as altera\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas e a favor da transi\u00e7\u00e3o energ\u00e9tica. Atualmente, este n\u00famero ainda est\u00e1 longe de ser alcan\u00e7ado.<\/b><\/p>\n

      [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Next Generation EU: un salto hacia delante” _builder_version=”4.4.8″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_vertical_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_blur_strength=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_vertical_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_blur_strength=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ z_index_tablet=”0″]<\/p>\n

      Next Generation EU: um salto em frente<\/b><\/h2>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Neste contexto, e enquanto parte de um esfor\u00e7o coordenado de recupera\u00e7\u00e3o ap\u00f3s a pandemia da COVID-19, a Europa lan\u00e7ou o pacote de financiamento conjunto mais ambicioso de sempre.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

      O Quadro Financeiro Plurianual 2021-2027 conta com cerca de dois bili\u00f5es de euros. O mais significativo foi, sem d\u00favida, a aprova\u00e7\u00e3o pelos 27 do Instrumento de Recupera\u00e7\u00e3o Europeia \u2013 Next Generation EU, que permitiu ajudar os mercados a mobilizar 750\u00a0000 milh\u00f5es de euros e a reparti-los de forma assim\u00e9trica entre os Estados-Membros.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

      O objetivo \u00e9 duplo: 1) apoiar reformas estruturais na dupla transi\u00e7\u00e3o verde e digital e 2) facilitar o investimento p\u00fablico, catalisador de investimento privado, em \u00e1reas de import\u00e2ncia estrat\u00e9gica para esta transi\u00e7\u00e3o: a mobilidade el\u00e9trica, a energia renov\u00e1vel (especialmente o hidrog\u00e9nio), a efici\u00eancia energ\u00e9tica e a economia circular, entre outros.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

      O Next Generation confirma que <\/span>acelerar a transi\u00e7\u00e3o energ\u00e9tica \u00e9 um objetivo priorit\u00e1rio para a Uni\u00e3o Europeia.<\/b> Assim, 37\u00a0% dos recursos do Mecanismo de Recupera\u00e7\u00e3o e Resili\u00eancia devem destinar-se \u00e0 a\u00e7\u00e3o pelo clima (centrada fortemente na energia) e 100\u00a0% devem cumprir o princ\u00edpio de n\u00e3o prejudicar o meio-ambiente.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

      Al\u00e9m disso, o NextGeneration sustenta a vis\u00e3o e os compromissos no longo prazo da Uni\u00e3o, manifestados no Pacto para o Crescimento Verde e no pacote legislativo associado ao investimento sustent\u00e1vel, entre outros. Os objetivos para as pr\u00f3ximas d\u00e9cadas s\u00e3o claros:\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

        \n
      • reduzir em 55\u00a0% as emiss\u00f5es de CO2 (relativamente a 1990) em 2030 e ser o primeiro continente climaticamente neutro;\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • alcan\u00e7ar 500 GW de gera\u00e7\u00e3o de energia renov\u00e1vel em 2030;<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • instalar 6 GW de capacidade de eletrolisadores e produ\u00e7\u00e3o e transporte de um milh\u00e3o de toneladas de hidrog\u00e9nio renov\u00e1vel at\u00e9 2025;<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • instalar tr\u00eas milh\u00f5es de pontos de carregamento el\u00e9trico at\u00e9 2030 e 1000 esta\u00e7\u00f5es de carregamento de hidrog\u00e9nio, garantindo o acesso a pontos de carregamento de 60 em 60 quil\u00f3metros (\u00abeletrolineira\u00bb) e de 150 em 150 quil\u00f3metros (\u00abhidrogineira\u00bb) em 2030;<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • p\u00f4r em circula\u00e7\u00e3o pelo menos 30 milh\u00f5es de ve\u00edculos de emiss\u00f5es zero em 2030.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Esta <\/span>a\u00e7\u00e3o decisiva, concertada e definida no tempo<\/b> (a execu\u00e7\u00e3o do NextGen deve estar conclu\u00edda em dezembro de 2026) reflete duas grandes quest\u00f5es que afetam o posicionamento geopol\u00edtico da Uni\u00e3o. Por um lado, a necessidade de fortalecer a nossa autonomia energ\u00e9tica e aumentar a capacidade de enfrentar os problemas mundiais de fornecimento e, por outro, manter a relev\u00e2ncia competitiva \u00e0 escala global.<\/span><\/p>\n

        A China j\u00e1 lidera a instala\u00e7\u00e3o mundial de energias renov\u00e1veis e j\u00e1 disp\u00f5e de um ter\u00e7o da pot\u00eancia mundial instalada, com quase 900 GW, dos quais 136 GW foram instalados em 2020, e com perspetivas de alcan\u00e7ar os 689 GW de e\u00f3lica em 2030, quase 67\u00a0% da capacidade mundial. Por sua vez, os EUA alcan\u00e7am a independ\u00eancia energ\u00e9tica em 2020 e come\u00e7am a investir fortemente em energias renov\u00e1veis para, pelo menos, duplicarem anualmente os 35 GW de capacidade instalada em 2020, prevendo destinar para tal mais de 1,7 bili\u00f5es de d\u00f3lares durante a pr\u00f3xima d\u00e9cada. Face a estas movimenta\u00e7\u00f5es, a Europa precisa urgentemente de um modelo pr\u00f3prio de transi\u00e7\u00e3o energ\u00e9tica, que catalise uma ind\u00fastria de energia renov\u00e1vel apoiada em cadeias de valor fortes, inovadoras e interligadas.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

        75\u00a0% das emiss\u00f5es de CO<\/b>2<\/b> na Europa prov\u00eam do setor da energia. Em 2030, 40\u00a0% da gera\u00e7\u00e3o de energia da UE dever\u00e1 ter origem renov\u00e1vel. Para tal, o NextGenEU dedica 37\u00a0% dos fundos \u00e0 transi\u00e7\u00e3o verde. Em jogo: um novo setor de atividade econ\u00f3mica e emprego, aumentar a autonomia energ\u00e9tica, garantir a relev\u00e2ncia no <\/b>novo cen\u00e1rio geopol\u00edtico que resultar\u00e1 da transi\u00e7\u00e3o energ\u00e9tica do s\u00e9culo XXI. <\/b><\/p>\n

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        \u201cEm 2030, 40 % da gera\u00e7\u00e3o de energia da UE dever\u00e1 ter origem renov\u00e1vel. Para tal, o NextGenEU dedica 37 % dos fundos \u00e0 transi\u00e7\u00e3o verde”<\/h2>\n

        [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image _builder_version=”4.4.8″ src=”http:\/\/ideaspt.llorenteycuenca.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2021\/10\/211026_Mesa-de-trabajo-90.png” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ z_index_tablet=”0″ align=”center” \/][et_pb_text admin_label=”Espa\u00f1a y el impulso Next Generation” _builder_version=”4.4.8″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_vertical_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_blur_strength=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_vertical_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_blur_strength=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ z_index_tablet=”0″]<\/p>\n

        A Espanha e o incentivo Next Generation<\/b><\/h2>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Enquanto parte do Next Generation EU, o Plano de Recupera\u00e7\u00e3o espanhol (PRTR) aposta igualmente em acelerar a transi\u00e7\u00e3o ecol\u00f3gica enquanto elemento fundamental na fase de reconstru\u00e7\u00e3o no curto prazo e enquanto alavanca para a moderniza\u00e7\u00e3o da economia no m\u00e9dio e longo prazos. De acordo com o PRTR, trata-se de refor\u00e7ar o investimento p\u00fablico e de mobilizar o privado para reorientar o modelo produtivo, transmitindo os sinais adequados para incentivar a descarboniza\u00e7\u00e3o, a efici\u00eancia energ\u00e9tica, a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o das energias renov\u00e1veis e a eletrifica\u00e7\u00e3o da economia.<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        • Dos 69<\/span>\u00a0<\/b>500 milh\u00f5es de euros que a Espanha receber\u00e1 do programa Next Generation EU em ajudas a fundo perdido, 40,29\u00a0% (28\u00a0000 milh\u00f5es de euros) destinar-se-\u00e3o a a\u00e7\u00f5es relacionadas com a transi\u00e7\u00e3o ecol\u00f3gica e a sustentabilidade.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Os investimentos dever\u00e3o estar alinhados com as previs\u00f5es do Plano Nacional Integrado de Energia e Clima 2021-2030 (PNIEC) e servir\u00e3o para garantir e acelerar o cumprimento das metas definidas: uma redu\u00e7\u00e3o de emiss\u00f5es GEE de 23\u00a0% relativamente a 1990 (equivalente a 38\u00a0% das de 2010); uma participa\u00e7\u00e3o das energias renov\u00e1veis de 42\u00a0% na utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o final da energia; uma melhoria da efici\u00eancia energ\u00e9tica de 39,5\u00a0%; e uma presen\u00e7a de 74\u00a0% da energia renov\u00e1vel no total da energia el\u00e9trica.<\/span><\/li>\n
        • O PRTR prev\u00ea destinar recursos, em forma de ajudas ao investimento em grandes blocos, diretamente relacionados com a energia, tais como a reabilita\u00e7\u00e3o e a efici\u00eancia energ\u00e9tica, a mobilidade sustent\u00e1vel, o desenvolvimento de energias renov\u00e1veis, o hidrog\u00e9nio renov\u00e1vel, o armazenamento energ\u00e9tico e as redes el\u00e9tricas. No total, aos investimentos em projetos diretamente relacionados com a energia ser\u00e3o destinadas ajudas de 20 299,06 milh\u00f5es de euros, o que representa 29,21\u00a0% do total do PRTR.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Espanha destinar\u00e1 20\u00a0300 milh\u00f5es de euros do Plano de Recupera\u00e7\u00e3o espanhol \u00e0 acelera\u00e7\u00e3o da transi\u00e7\u00e3o para as energias limpas (29,21\u00a0% do total). A fatia principal destina-se \u00e0 efici\u00eancia energ\u00e9tica, com mais de 8500 milh\u00f5es de euros, seguida pela mobilidade (ve\u00edculo el\u00e9trico e caminho-de-ferro), com quase 5100 milh\u00f5es. Outras rubricas que se destacam s\u00e3o as que se destinam a apoiar a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o das energias renov\u00e1veis (3165 milh\u00f5es de euros), ao hidrog\u00e9nio (1555 milh\u00f5es de euros) e ao armazenamento e \u00e0s redes el\u00e9tricas (1365 milh\u00f5es de euros).<\/p>\n

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          \u201cEspanha destinar\u00e1 20 300 milh\u00f5es de euros do Plano de Recupera\u00e7\u00e3o espanhol \u00e0 acelera\u00e7\u00e3o da transi\u00e7\u00e3o para as energias limpas (29,21 % do total). A fatia principal destina-se \u00e0 efici\u00eancia energ\u00e9tica\u201d<\/h2>\n

          [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image _builder_version=”4.4.8″ src=”http:\/\/ideaspt.llorenteycuenca.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2021\/10\/211026_Mesa-de-trabajo-89.png” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ z_index_tablet=”0″ align=”center” \/][et_pb_text admin_label=”La energ\u00eda en el Siglo XXI: sin tiempo para morir” _builder_version=”4.4.8″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_vertical_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_blur_strength=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_vertical_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_blur_strength=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ z_index_tablet=”0″]<\/p>\n

          A energia no s\u00e9culo XXI: sem tempo para morrer<\/b><\/h2>\n

           <\/p>\n

          Nas condi\u00e7\u00f5es que, historicamente, t\u00eam sido as normais, a transi\u00e7\u00e3o energ\u00e9tica para um modelo renov\u00e1vel, circular e de emiss\u00f5es zero necessitaria, de um ponto de vista evolutivo, de v\u00e1rias centenas de anos ou, pelo menos, de algumas d\u00e9cadas de transforma\u00e7\u00e3o progressiva. Mas os cen\u00e1rios das altera\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas atuais indicam que, sem mudan\u00e7as ou com mudan\u00e7as parciais, o aquecimento global chegar\u00e1 a extremos simplesmente insustent\u00e1veis, at\u00e9 provocar um aumento da temperatura global que poderia chegar aos 4,4 graus cent\u00edgrados em 2100, se as emiss\u00f5es continuarem a crescer como at\u00e9 agora.<\/span><\/p>\n

          O mesmo acontece com o aumento do n\u00edvel do mar, que entre 1901 e 2018 foi de 20 cent\u00edmetros e que, no cen\u00e1rio de emiss\u00f5es mais otimista, poderia chegar aos 40 cent\u00edmetros e no mais pessimista poderia ser o dobro, 80 cent\u00edmetros. O impacto destas altera\u00e7\u00f5es, n\u00e3o apenas nos <\/span>habitats<\/span><\/i> naturais da Terra, mas tamb\u00e9m na vida humana, poder\u00e1 ser dram\u00e1tico.<\/span><\/p>\n

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          \u201cAcelerar a transi\u00e7\u00e3o conduzir\u00e1 a uma onda de inova\u00e7\u00e3o apenas compar\u00e1vel \u00e0 que pode ser gerada pela transforma\u00e7\u00e3o digital\u201d<\/strong><\/h2>\n

          [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image _builder_version=”4.4.8″ src=”http:\/\/ideaspt.llorenteycuenca.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2021\/10\/211026_Mesa-de-trabajo-87.png” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ z_index_tablet=”0″ align=”center” \/][et_pb_text admin_label=”La energ\u00eda en el Siglo XXI: sin tiempo para morir (SEGUNDA PARTE)” _builder_version=”4.4.8″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_vertical_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_blur_strength=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_vertical_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_blur_strength=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ z_index_tablet=”0″]<\/p>\n

          Acelerar a transi\u00e7\u00e3o energ\u00e9tica \u00e9 a \u00fanica alternativa que temos para agir sobre a principal fonte de emiss\u00f5es de CO<\/b>2<\/b>. <\/b>Al\u00e9m disso, acelerar a transi\u00e7\u00e3o conduzir\u00e1 a uma onda de inova\u00e7\u00e3o apenas compar\u00e1vel \u00e0 que pode ser gerada pela transforma\u00e7\u00e3o digital, <\/b>que o instrumento Next Generation EU tamb\u00e9m pretende (estando at\u00e9 as duas transi\u00e7\u00f5es, a verde e a digital, de m\u00e3os dadas em muitos \u00e2mbitos). Estamos perante uma oportunidade decisiva de transformar o nosso modelo econ\u00f3mico e a composi\u00e7\u00e3o do nosso produto interno bruto, gerando novos setores de atividade industrial e emprego e diminuindo os riscos de depend\u00eancia e de pobreza e exclus\u00e3o energ\u00e9tica, ao mesmo tempo que procuramos a sustentabilidade da nossa economia.<\/p>\n

          N\u00e3o temos tempo para deixar o planeta morrer, nem para deixar morrer o futuro das gera\u00e7\u00f5es futuras.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

          Contudo, a sociedade humana, em conjunto, continua a debater medidas sobre as altera\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas desde 1972.<\/strong> O n\u00famero 26 da COP deste ano reflete exatamente isto: que os estados que fazem parte da Conven\u00e7\u00e3o Quadro das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas sobre Altera\u00e7\u00f5es Clim\u00e1ticas (de 1992) se re\u00fanem h\u00e1 nada menos do que 26 anos para tratar do tema das altera\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

          O avan\u00e7o decisivo da transi\u00e7\u00e3o energ\u00e9tica j\u00e1 n\u00e3o depende apenas dos estados. Ser\u00e1 a a\u00e7\u00e3o concertada no \u00e2mbito de objetivos comuns entre o setor p\u00fablico e o privado e a sociedade civil que conseguir\u00e1 mobilizar n\u00e3o s\u00f3 os acordos necess\u00e1rios, mas tamb\u00e9m o capital para investir e escalar novas formas de energia que nos devolvam a confian\u00e7a no futuro.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

          O Next Generation EU \u00e9 um bom exemplo deste tipo de a\u00e7\u00e3o concertada. Por exemplo, mobilizar\u00e1 um total de 24\u00a0009 milh\u00f5es de euros em investimento total, destinado a a\u00e7\u00f5es sobre toda a cadeia de valor do autom\u00f3vel el\u00e9trico (com especial aten\u00e7\u00e3o para as baterias), \u00e0 instala\u00e7\u00e3o de pontos de carregamento e \u00e0 aquisi\u00e7\u00e3o de ve\u00edculos por parte de particulares e empresas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

          Mas conseguir esta acelera\u00e7\u00e3o exige um impulso combinado e concertado entre os governos, o setor privado e a sociedade. O objetivo: um roteiro partilhado que nos permita trabalhar conjuntamente para ir al\u00e9m da declara\u00e7\u00e3o de inten\u00e7\u00f5es e chegar \u00e0 verifica\u00e7\u00e3o de resultados, \u00e0 corre\u00e7\u00e3o de desvios ou efeitos n\u00e3o previstos, ao interc\u00e2mbio de boas pr\u00e1ticas e \u00e0 mobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de capital para a transforma\u00e7\u00e3o energ\u00e9tica que, necessariamente, temos de acelerar.<\/span><\/p>\n

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          \u201cN\u00e3o temos tempo para deixar o planeta morrer, nem para deixar morrer o futuro das gera\u00e7\u00f5es futuras\u201d<\/h2>\n

          [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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